Frequently Asked Questions

Common buckthorn was first brought to Minnesota from Europe in the mid-1800s as a very popular hedging material. Shortly after its introduction here, it was found to be quite invasive in natural areas and in the 1930's the nursery industry stopped selling it. However, many buckthorn hedges may still be found in older neighborhoods throughout Minnesota. European or common buckthorn and glossy or alder buckthorn are listed as restricted noxious weeds in Minnesota, meaning it is illegal to import, sell, or transport buckthorn in Minnesota.

Buckthorn invades natural areas and out-competes native plants for nutrients, light, and water. Buckthorn has no natural disease or insect predator to keep its population under control. It prevents native trees from regenerating by shading out the forest floor and also contributes to soil erosion.

Health Forest Floor

Buckthorn Invaded Forest Floor

Shady areas that are not mowed or actively managed may have buckthorn. The invasive shrub is spread by birds that eat buckthorn berries. The berries act as a laxative in birds and seeds are quickly deposited in new locations.

Buckthorn removal is a multi-year process. The seeds from a buckthorn plant can continue to sprout up to six years after they have fallen from their parent plant! Buckthorn control is possible and will benefit the entire urban forest community.

The best place to buy native plants is a store that specializes in their growth and care. The DNR has an updated list of approved native plant vendors and landscapers.

Companies on the DNR's list have certified that they sell Minnesota native plants sourced from the state, do not sell invasive or noxious plants, and/or have experience as a native plant consultant or habitat restoration specialist.